What are non-farm primary activities? How are these activities related to physiographic features in India? Discuss with suitable examples. upsc mains 2025 Gs1 model answers

What are non-farm primary activities? How are these activities related to physiographic features in India? Discuss with suitable examples. (150 words)

Non-farm primary activities are those economic activities that derive directly from natural resources but are not related to crop cultivation. They include animal husbandry, fishing, forestry, mining, quarrying, and gathering of resources. These activities are largely influenced by India’s diverse physiographic features, as resource availability varies across regions.

Relation with Physiographic Features (with Examples):

  1. Animal Husbandry (Pastoralism):
    • Arid and Semi-Arid Regions (Rajasthan, Gujarat): Camel, sheep, and goat rearing suited to sparse vegetation.
    • Himalayan Pastures (J&K, Himachal, Uttarakhand): Yak, sheep, and goat grazing due to alpine meadows.
  2. Fishing:
    • Coastal Plains (Kerala, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh): Marine fishing thrives due to long coastline, estuaries, and backwaters.
    • Inland Fishing: River systems like the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and reservoirs support freshwater fisheries.
  3. Forestry and Gathering:
    • Himalayan Region: Coniferous forests provide timber, resin.
    • Central India (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha): Sal, teak, and non-timber forest products (tendu leaves, mahua, lac).
    • Northeast India: Bamboo-based livelihoods due to humid climate and dense forests.
  4. Mining and Quarrying:
    • Chhota Nagpur Plateau: Rich in coal, iron ore, and bauxite.
    • Rajasthan: Marble and sandstone quarrying linked with desert physiography.

 

Conclusion:
Non-farm primary activities in India are deeply shaped by regional physiography and resource endowment. From pastoralism in deserts to forestry in dense forests and fishing along coasts, they highlight how India’s physical geography sustains diverse livelihoods beyond farming.

  Note: This Model Answer is for Reference purposes only

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Truth Knows No Colour UPSC Essay 2025 Questions with model Answers

    “Truth Knows No Colour” Diminision  Introduction Truth is an eternal principle that transcends boundaries of race, caste, religion, ideology, or nationality. Unlike human prejudices and divisions, truth is universal, impartial, and timeless. From ancient philosophers like Socrates, Buddha, and Mahavira to modern thinkers like Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., the message has remained consistent: truth has no colour, for it stands above subjective biases. In a world often divided by identity politics, social prejudices, and misinformation, the idea that “truth knows no colour” holds immense moral, social, and political relevance.   Philosophical Dimension Absolutism vs Relativism: Philosophers debated whether truth is absolute or relative. Yet, its essence lies in its impartiality. Gandhi’s concept of Satya and Ahimsa underlined truth as universal. Religious Philosophy: Jainism’s Anekantavada teaches ...
Read more

It is best to see life as a journey, not as a destination upsc mains 2025 essay model answer

It is best to see life as a journey, not as a destination  Dimension Introduction Life is often perceived as a race toward goals—career, wealth, status, or success. Yet, great thinkers remind us that meaning lies not in reaching a final destination, but in the experiences, growth, and wisdom we gather along the way. Viewing life as a journey allows us to value each moment, embrace failures, and cultivate resilience, rather than being trapped in the illusion of a final endpoint. The destination is finite, but the journey is infinite in richness.   Philosophical Dimension Indian Philosophy: The Bhagavad Gita emphasizes karma yoga —focus on action (journey), not the fruits (destination). Buddhism: Teaches mindfulness, living in the present moment rather than obsessing over end results. Western Thought: Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, “Life is a journey, not a destination.” Existentiali...
Read more

The years teach much which the days never knew upsc mains 2025 essay model answer

The years teach much which the days never knew Dimensions   Introduction Time is not just a measure of existence but a teacher of wisdom. Each day teaches us facts, skills, and routines, but years impart deeper lessons—of resilience, perspective, maturity, and meaning. Emerson’s observation reflects the idea that while daily experiences may seem ordinary, their cumulative effect across years shapes human character and collective civilisation. Wisdom, therefore, is not instantaneous but unfolds gradually, often revealed only through hindsight.   Philosophical Dimension Eastern Philosophy: The Upanishads emphasise self-realisation through lifelong reflection—truth unfolds with time. Buddhism: Enlightenment comes after years of meditation, not from momentary insights. Western Thought: Aristotle considered experience and time as necessary for wisdom, since youth know facts but elders know meaning. ...
Read more